{"id":184,"date":"2023-01-19T13:39:46","date_gmt":"2023-01-19T12:39:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/?p=184"},"modified":"2023-02-08T09:33:34","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T08:33:34","slug":"kam-mizne-opadane-listie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/?p=184","title":{"rendered":"Kam mizne opadan\u00e9 l\u00edstie?<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

     Je to jednoduch\u00e9, predsa sa rozlo\u017e\u00ed. To vieme v\u0161etci, ale ako? A pre\u010do l\u00edstie opad\u00e1va? Tro\u0161ku sa pri tom pozastavme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

     Na rozklade l\u00edstia (samozrejme aj in\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed rastl\u00edn) sa v najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miere podie\u013eaj\u00fa huby. Presne sa to zisti\u0165 ned\u00e1, ale nejak\u00e9 priemern\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo je 85 %. Mo\u017eno prekvapuj\u00face, no je to tak. Nevieme o hub\u00e1ch dokopy ni\u010d. Vedeck\u00fd odhad je, \u017ee ich zatia\u013e pozn\u00e1me len 6 % druhov. \u010eal\u0161ie ktor\u00e9 sa podie\u013eaj\u00fa na rozklade s\u00fa mikroorganizmy a potom aj r\u00f4zne tvory. Napr\u00edklad zv\u00ednavka oby\u010dajn\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 nepatr\u00ed medzi hmyz, ale k\u00f4rovce (jej vzdialen\u00ed pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed s\u00fa raky alebo krevety). Pritom nie je dlh\u0161ia viac ako poldruha centimetra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

     Procesu tak\u00e9hoto rozkladu sa hovor\u00ed mineraliz\u00e1cia. Jednoducho list je rozlo\u017een\u00fd a\u017e na z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, ako s\u00fa uhl\u00edk, fosfor, \u017eelezo, hor\u010d\u00edk a tak \u010falej. Popri tom vznikaj\u00fa napr. CO2 alebo dusi\u010dnany, fosfore\u010dnany, ktor\u00e9 stromy potrebuj\u00fa pre svoj \u017eivot. Ide teda o skuto\u010dn\u00fa recykl\u00e1ciu. Strom najprv vytvor\u00ed list v ktorom si pomocou fotosynt\u00e9zy vytv\u00e1ra pre seba hlavne sacharidy. Na jese\u0148 list zhod\u00ed a organizmy, ktor\u00e9 ich za\u010dn\u00fa rozklada\u0165 vytvoria z neho \u010fal\u0161ie \u017eiviny potrebn\u00e9 pre strom. Dokonal\u00e1 symbi\u00f3za.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Listy strom zhadzuje na jese\u0148, ke\u010f sa chyst\u00e1 na zimn\u00fd odpo\u010dinok. Je to preto, lebo v zime je m\u00e1lo svetla a vody, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa pre stromy d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9. Vytiahne teda z listov v\u0161etku vodu, cukry a prote\u00edny, ktor\u00e9 sa vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa pomocou chlorofilu. To je t\u00e1 l\u00e1tka (zelen\u00e9 farbivo), ktor\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje fotosynt\u00e9zu. Strom sa takto z\u00e1sob\u00ed na zimu. Listy sa n\u00e1sledne sfarbia pod\u013ea toho, ktor\u00fd druh karotenoidu sa v \u0148om nach\u00e1dza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u010eal\u0161ou nemenej d\u00f4le\u017eitou funkciou opadan\u00fdch listov je, \u017ee zabra\u0148uj\u00fa vsakovaniu nadmern\u00e9ho mno\u017estva vody a chr\u00e1nia v\u0161etko, \u010do je v zemi pred mrazom. Izoluj\u00fa. Teda z\u00e1hradk\u00e1rsky m\u00fdtus, \u017ee listy dusia zem, nie je pravda. Naopak v\u010faka nim je tam bohat\u00fd \u017eivot. Ihli\u010die s\u00fa takisto listy a tie\u017e opad\u00e1vaj\u00fa a nielen zo smrekovca. Akur\u00e1t pri smrekoch alebo jedli\u010dke v rozmedz\u00ed dvoch, troch rokov, pod\u013ea druhu stromu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

     Pomocou listov strom d\u00fdcha, vylu\u010duje kysl\u00edk cez de\u0148, v noci CO2 a vodu do ovzdu\u0161ia. T\u00fdm dok\u00e1\u017ee regulova\u0165 vlhkos\u0165 a teplotu. Dokonca pokia\u013e je les dostato\u010dne ve\u013ek\u00fd, vie ovplyvni\u0165 aj po\u010dasie. Zaparkujte si auto v miernych mrazoch pod strom a r\u00e1no nebudete \u0161kraba\u0165 okn\u00e1. V suchom lete zas m\u00f4\u017eete c\u00edti\u0165 pod stromami vy\u0161\u0161iu vlhkos\u0165. Pr\u00edjemn\u00fd chl\u00e1dok, ale nie so such\u00fdm vzduchom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

     V kr\u00e1tkosti som teda pop\u00edsal d\u00f4le\u017eitos\u0165 kolobehu \u017eivota listov. Ni\u010d \u010do sa deje v pr\u00edrode, nie je len tak. Vieme o stromoch a \u017eivote rastl\u00edn ve\u013ea, ale ani z\u010faleka nie v\u0161etko. \u017div\u00e9 a ne\u017eiv\u00e9 je prepojen\u00e9 do jedn\u00e9ho obrovsk\u00e9ho celku a ten naz\u00fdvame Zem. Ak neprestaneme a to ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo s neust\u00e1lym ni\u010den\u00edm pr\u00edrody, dopadne to pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch zle. Bez v\u00fdnimky. Nem\u00e1me kam utiec\u0165 a verte, \u017ee Zem mala v\u017edy posledn\u00e9 slovo. A bude ho ma\u0165 aj teraz.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

     Je to jednoduch\u00e9, predsa sa rozlo\u017e\u00ed. To vieme v\u0161etci, ale ako? A pre\u010do l\u00edstie opad\u00e1va? Tro\u0161ku sa pri tom pozastavme.      Na rozklade l\u00edstia (samozrejme aj in\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed rastl\u00edn) sa v najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ej miere podie\u013eaj\u00fa huby. Presne sa to zisti\u0165 ned\u00e1, ale nejak\u00e9 priemern\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo je 85 %. Mo\u017eno prekvapuj\u00face, no je to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-otazky-a-odpovede"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=184"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":402,"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/184\/revisions\/402"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=184"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=184"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamivlese.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=184"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}